Prior to the passage of the Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009, government registration or recognition of private schools was not mandatory in most Indian states.

The debate on low learning levels has spurred several actions by the state. India has enrolled to participate in the 2021 round of PISA.

An estimated one crore people in India rely on street vending for their livelihoods, supplying affordable and essential goods to the public and contributing directly to economic growth.